When it comes to working out what foods do to our bodies, mostly we just don’t know
As a drug discovery chemist, I’ve worked my entire career on compounds that people might put into their bodies to show biological effects. But everyone on earth puts compounds into their bodies to show such effects, all the time. We call this mixture ‘food’. It would be reasonable to expect that we have at least as good an idea of the effects of various foods on the body as we do about the effects (and side effects) of medicines. Well, we don’t.